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CNC Training Module: Section 2.1: Fast Start - Machine Orientation

Lesson 2: Machine Orientation

This tutorial provides foundational knowledge on machine orientation and terminology for operating a CNC machine, emphasizing the importance of understanding the machine’s orientation and key components for accurate operation. The instructor covers:

  1. Understanding the front orientation of the machine and its significance
  2. Identifying the X, Y, and Z axes in relation to the machine’s operation
  3. Familiarizing with basic machine terminology and components such as the carriage, gantry, spindle, and tool rack
  4. Recognizing the location and function of the controller interface and smart tool pad
  5. Highlighting the importance of consistent machine setup procedures based on the front orientation

Main purpose: To educate users on the essential concepts of machine orientation and terminology necessary for operating a CNC machine effectively.

Key takeaways:

  • Accurate identification of the machine’s front and axis orientations
  • Familiarity with machine components and their functions
  • Importance of using proper terminology in future training
  • Understanding the relationship between machine orientation and axis movement
  • Preparation for subsequent training on machine operation and setup procedures

Video Summary

Remember This Checklist:

  1. Understand machine orientation
  2. Learn basic terminology of machine parts
  3. Identify the front of the machine
  4. Recognize the axes and their functions
  5. Familiarize with the controller and smart tool pad

Introduction & Overview (0:00-1:03)

0:00-0:18 – Welcome to the training video on machine orientation.
0:18-0:36 – Importance of machine orientation to avoid future mistakes.
0:36-1:03 – Overview of topics: machine orientation and terminology.

Machine Orientation (1:03-3:09)

1:03-1:45 – Importance of identifying the front of the machine; correct orientation is crucial.
1:45-2:31 – Explanation of the machine’s front: length runs from left to right when facing it.
2:31-3:09 – Relation of machine orientation to axis orientation (X and Y axes).

Basic Terminology (3:09-5:30)

3:09-4:10 – Introduction to machine components (X, Y, Z axes).
4:10-4:52 – Definitions of carriage (spindle movement) and gantry (supports carriage).
4:52-5:30 – Overview of other parts: tool rack, tool changing station, and air regulators.

Understanding the Controller and Smart Tool Pad (5:30-7:18)

5:30-6:01 – Explanation of the driving mechanisms for the X and Y axes.
6:01-6:45 – Description of the Delta controller interface used for machine operation.
6:45-7:18 – Introduction to the smart tool pad for measuring Z depth with cutters.

Conclusion (7:18-8:06)

7:18-7:42 – Recap on the importance of understanding machine orientation and terminology.
7:42-8:06 – Closing remarks and encouragement to watch future training videos.

Full Video Transcript

Introduction & Overview (0:00-1:03)

0:00-1:04: “Hello. Hello. Welcome back to another training video. Today we are gonna be going over machine orientation. Uh, it’s very critical or else we can make mistakes during our set of procedures in future videos. So this is the kind of core foundational information we need to operate the machine correctly. The other thing we’re gonna cover in today’s video is some basic terminology of different parts and areas around the machine. Um, that way you can get familiar with what they’re called. Uh, so when we approach those, um, those terms throughout the rest of the training, um, you know what we’re talking about. Okay? So first question I like to ask people is, where is the front of the machine? Okay? Because that’s where everything is tied to is based on that orientation. And most people when they’re here, they’ll either point to the operator side or, or they’ll point to this longer, um, side of the machine as the two sides for, for being an option for the front of the machine. Okay? Out of the two, this is the correct one, okay? So the front of the machine, um, is where the length of the machine is gonna go from left to right when you’re standing here at the front.”

Machine Orientation (1:03-3:09)

1:02-3:10: “to right when you’re standing here at the front. Okay? That means that we’re actually operating the machine from the left hand side, the front is here, okay? We’re kinda get main access to our horizontal table. Our tool rack, if we have auto tool change is on the right hand side. You can also think of it as your power switch and where your power comes into your machine is also on the right hand side. And then the turning center, if that’s part of your system right now, um, will always run along the length of the machine from left to right, um, on the back side of the system, okay? For our current, for our current platforms. So the question is, why, why is that the front orientation? Well, that’s because it’s tied to axis orientation. And so if we read a graph, we understand that the x axis always goes from left to right and the y axis always goes from top to bottom, um, along the width. And so hopefully we didn’t learn how to read a graph in any other way besides that. Um, because that’s how it is universally all around. Uh, so we’re gonna take that and match it to the axis that we have assigned here on the machine so that we can again match that orientation. So we have set up the x axis to run along the length of the machine, okay? From left to right if you’re standing at the front. So if we put the graph matching that orientation, X axis goes from left to right, that means the y axis goes along the width and because I’m reading the graph from the front, okay, that makes this position on the machine the front of the machine. So we’re just matching our, our AEs. Now the second thing that we need to cover real quick is some basic terminology on the machines. So let’s go show you different areas of the machines and what things are called and what they look like so that when we talk about those in future videos, um, you can stay up to speed and make sure you’re not lost in any of the terminology that we’re using. Okay? We’ll start here from top to bottom. Uh, so the cutter is being controlled by three different axes, X, Y, and Z. And we’ll get into the actual direction of axes plus and minus and all that in another video.”

Basic Terminology (3:09-5:30)

3:08-5:32: “and minus and all that in another video. However, the mechanics of what we call those things an X, y, and Z is something completely different. For example, here where the spindle is moving along the width of the machine, that whole assembly we call our carriage ’cause it’s carrying the spindle, okay? Whereas the other axis where it moves along the entire length of the machine, okay, that actually carries the carriage. That’s called our gantry, okay? That’s spanning across the width of the machine and that moves along the x axis. Okay? Uh, you also have your spindle when we talk about a spindle, um, and your, this is a dust manifold, um, or a dust shoe. Dust brushes, um, down below encompassed the cutter itself. Now on the right side of the machine where we’re on the backside of our gantry, um, there’s a couple of things here that we need to know what they’re called as well. So we have what’s called a tool rack if you have auto tool change, and that’s what holds the individual, uh, tool holders for our cutters. You also have your tool changing station here to get cutters in and out of your tool holders themselves. Um, you have the two connection points that we, uh, talked about earlier for your, your power that comes in here and your air pressure intake here. Um, so if your machine’s all set up, we already have those ready to rock and roll. The tool rack will consist of seven tool positions for the four foot wide mavericks. Um, starting from, if you look on the right side of the machine, looking at the back side of the tool rack, um, tool one starts from the right and goes to the left. Whereas when you’re on the operator side, um, it goes from left to right. We also have a tool holder storage rack. Uh, so you can set up more than seven tool holders with the machine if you’d like. Now there are a few other things back here on the backside of the gantry that I like to point out. So on the backside of the carriage, um, where again, where the machine moves along the width, uh, of the y axis, we also have some air regulators here. If you have auto tool change. So manual tool change, these won’t, these won’t apply to you ’cause they won’t exist on your machine. Um, but we have three air regulators that are controlled with, um, solenoids to turn the valves on”

Understanding the Controller and Smart Tool Pad (5:30-7:18)

5:28-7:20: “with, um, solenoids to turn the valves on and off for different applications on the machine for auto tool change sequences. So these have already been set to the, uh, right PSI parameters for the machine, but in later videos we’ll show how to even tune or adjust these for different situations. So back here at the front of the machine, um, I like to point out the driving mechanism that, uh, pushes the X and the Y axis Along the system. Uh, so for example, if we were to push the gantry down the x axis, that’s driving down our profile bearings. Now on, now on the profile bearings, we have our exert fittings that we’ll need to use to grease our bearings, but we also have our rack and pinion that’s this tooth rack here, um, that our motor is driving on with opinion. Um, and again, there’s two of those on the x axis on both sides of the gantry. Um, and the y axis is gonna have one rack and pinion drive with one motor driving that across the width of the machine for the y axis on the right side of the machine, uh, we have typically where we’re gonna be operating and using the controller interface. So this is the controller, it’s known as the Delta controller. Um, and this is what we’re going to be going through in just a moment in another video on the overview of the interface itself. Now with this, we do have this connected directly to the machine that we covered in a, in a previous video. And you have your keyboard, your mouse, and everything necessary in order to operate it. The other item here is call is known as your smart tool pad. And so the smart tool padd is what we’re using to actually find the Z depth for all of our cutters relative”

Conclusion (7:18-8:06)

7:16-8:06: “find the Z depth for all of our cutters relative to the material that we’re setting up on the machine. So this is mobile, so we can place it on our table surfaces and then it has a home position here on the plate that is magnetized. Uh, so we can always come back to a retouch off position for future cutters. So that is our smart tool pad. We’ll get into more depth and detail on a lot of these individual areas and components, uh, throughout the training, uh, beliefs you have again, a general idea of where things are at and the most important thing is understanding where the front of the machine is. And that is always gonna be our core when setting up the machine. We’ll, we will revert to that over and over again. Um, so we’ll see that taking place throughout the rest of the set of procedures. Thank you much for watching and we’ll see you guys in the next training video.”